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Andalusite

Introduction
 

	Andalusite, an Aluminium Silicate, derives its name from the site of its first discovery, Almeria in the Southern Spanish Province of Andalusia.
	While Andalusite’s color play has been compared to Alexandrite, this is technically incorrect as pleochroic (i.e. displays different colors in different directions) gemstones like Andalusite feature all their colors at the same time, whereas Alexandrite only changes color in different light sources.
	Andalusite is a gemstone that offers a lot of impact inexpensively. Certain to appeal to those who like Earthy tones, it is frequently used in men's jewelry due to its color and durability.

Some Andalusite crystals have Carbonaceous inclusions, arranged so that in cross-section they form a dark cross. This variety is called “Chiastolite” (named after the Greek word for cross) and sometimes referred to in ancient texts as “Lapis Crucifer”, meaning “Cross Stone” or “Macle”.
 

Chiastolite existed in schists near the town of Santiago de Compostela, Northwest Spain, and many amulets of the “Cross Stone” were once sold to pilgrims. Chiastolite is often mentioned as a gemstone of protection and was once used to thwart Evil Eye curses.
 

Andalusite is believed by some to be a gemstone that enhances intellect, problem solving abilities and mental clarity, and is also mentioned as being conducive to the receipt of messages from the netherworld.
 

Andalusite typically occurs in thermally metamorphosed pelitic rocks, and in pelites that have been regionally metamorphosed under low-pressure conditions. It also occurs, together with Corundum, Tourmaline, Topaz and other minerals, in some pegmatites.
 

Andalusite is pleochroic (i.e. displays different colors in different directions) and is white, red, brown, orange and green in color. Having a vitreous luster, Andalusite's crystals are transparent to translucent. Transparent green Andalusite is a gemstone of top quality. Green Andalusite gemstones come from the alluvial gravels of Sri Lanka and the states of Espirito Santo and Minas Gerais in Brazil. Brazilian Green Andalusite is small, rare and highly coveted.
 

When cutting most pleochroic gemstones, such as Iolite and Tanzanite, cutters typically try to minimize the pleochroism and maximize the single most prominent color. Interestingly, Andalusite is the opposite, as cutters try to orient the gem to get a pleasing mix of orangey brown, yellowish green and golden colors. When cut successfully, Andalusite looks unlike any other gemstone, displaying patterns of color dancing around its facets. Superior color play is generally seen in Fancy Cuts, particularly rectangular cushion variations. While dependent on the skill of the cutter, in Round Cuts the colors can tend to blend together.